Omnidirectional Wind Turbines: A Solution for Harnessing Energy from Unpredictable Wind Patterns

Abstract

This study presents experimental and numerical investigations of vertical-axis H-type wind turbines (VAWTs), focusing on the impact of blade pitch angles and innovative design enhancements. A modified NACA0015 airfoil profile was tested in wind tunnels at varying Reynolds numbers, and performance metrics, including power coefficients and tip speed ratios (TSRs), were evaluated. The research highlights the role of guiding devices, such as omni-directional nozzles and passive pitch mechanisms, in improving efficiency by managing airflow and reducing wake effects. Computational simulations using tools like Q blade and Ansys Fluent confirmed the findings, showing that optimal blade thickness, curvature, and deflector geometry significantly enhance performance. Variable blade designs, passive control techniques, and counter-rotating configurations were identified as promising solutions to boost efficiency and self-starting capabilities, positioning VAWTs as viable alternatives to horizontal-axis turbines in turbulent and low-speed environments.