The Role of SLC30A8 Rs13266634 Polymorphism with Type 2diabetes Mellitus-Related Hypertension in a Population of Wasit Province-Iraq

Abstract

This case-control study was conducted from October 1, 2024, to January 30, 2025, and included 80 participants: 45 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related hypertension (23 males, 22 females) and 35 healthy controls (18 males, 17 females). Genotyping of the SLC30A8 rs13266634 polymorphism was performed using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay, which revealed three genotypes: CC, CT, and TT. Among T2DM patients, genotype frequencies were CC: 26%, CT: 16%, and TT: 58%. In the control group, frequencies were CC: 34%, CT: 26%, and TT: 40%. Genotype and allele distributions conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (χ² = 2.602, P = 0.272; χ² = 2.902, P = 0.088). The T allele was more prevalent in patients (66.28%) than in controls (52.86%), suggesting a possible risk association.Odds ratio analysis indicated that the TT genotype conferred an elevated, though non-significant, risk of T2DM (OR = 2.083, 95% CI: 0.840–5.165, P = 0.113). The CT and CC genotypes showed potential protective effects (OR = 0.561, P = 0.308; OR = 0.658, P = 0.403, respectively). In females, both TT and CC genotypes were associated with increased risk (OR = 2.851 and 1.578), while the CT genotype was protective (OR = 0.339, P = 0.11). Among males, the TT genotype showed a moderate risk (OR = 2.187), CC showed a strong association (OR = 17.903, P = 0.050), and CT was significantly protective (OR = 0.038, P = 0.003).Genetic model analysis revealed no statistically significant associations under dominant (CC+CT vs. TT, OR = 0.48, P = 0.113), recessive (TT+CT vs. CC, OR = 1.517, P = 0.40), or over-dominant (TT+CC vs. CT, OR = 1.780, P = 0.30) inheritance patterns. However, the TT genotype was consistently associated with increased disease risk trends.In conclusion, the SLC30A8 rs13266634 polymorphism—particularly the TT genotype—may serve as a potential genetic marker for increased susceptibility to T2DM-related hypertension, especially in specific subgroups such as males. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to validate these findings and explore their clinical utility in personalized risk assessment.