Knowledge and Misconceptions about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Female College Students and Hospital Staff: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study from India

Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age, associated with menstrual irregularities, infertility, metabolic complications, and psychological distress. Global prevalence among reproductive-age women is estimated at 4–12%, but awareness remains limited, especially among young women.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, awareness, and misconceptions regarding PCOS among female college students and female hospital staff.

Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 female participants from two medical colleges, two dental colleges, and two teaching hospitals in India. Participants included 50 MBBS medical girl students and interns, 50 BDS dental students, 50 nursing students, and 50 female nurses and technicians. A structured 20-item questionnaire assessing awareness, risk factors, symptoms, complications, and misconceptions about PCOS was administered. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests.

Results:
Overall, 63% of participants had heard about PCOS, but only 38% demonstrated adequate knowledge. Medical students showed significantly better knowledge scores compared to dental and nursing students (p <0.05). Common misconceptions included the belief that PCOS affects only overweight women (42%) and that it always leads to infertility (36%). Only 29% correctly identified insulin resistance as a contributing factor. Hospital staff had moderate awareness but limited knowledge of complications such as metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: Although awareness of PCOS exists among health-related students and staff, significant misconceptions remain. Structured educational programs and reproductive health awareness campaigns are necessary to improve knowledge and promote early diagnosis.