Lifestyle Factors Influencing Glycemic Control Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Survey Among Medical Students and Allied Health Sciences Professionals

Abstract

Background: Lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, stress, and sleep play a crucial role in glycemic control among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Healthcare professionals and students are key stakeholders in educating patients, making their knowledge and attitude vital.

Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding lifestyle factors influencing glycemic control among medical students and allied health sciences professionals.

Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 250 participants, including 100 MBBS students and interns, 50 dental students, 50 nursing students, and 50 healthcare professionals. The study was carried out across 2 medical colleges, 2 dental colleges, 2 nursing colleges, and one private hospital in India. A structured 15-item questionnaire was used.

Results: MBBS students demonstrated the highest mean knowledge score (78%), followed by nursing students (72%), healthcare professionals (70%), and dental students (65%). Most participants (85%) recognized diet and exercise as key factors, while only 58% identified stress and sleep as significant contributors. Positive attitudes toward lifestyle modification were observed in 82% of participants.

Conclusion: While awareness of basic lifestyle factors is satisfactory, gaps remain in understanding holistic aspects like stress and sleep. Targeted educational interventions are recommended.