Knowledge of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Protocols Among Medical Students and Hospital Staff: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study

Abstract

Background:
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Effective management relies on strict adherence to standardized protocols such as Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) guidelines, which emphasize early stabilization and prevention of secondary brain injury.

Objective:
To assess the knowledge and awareness of TBI management protocols among medical students and hospital staff.

Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 300 participants, including MBBS students/interns (100), BDS students (50), nursing students (50), and hospital staff (100). The study was carried out in 2 medical colleges, 2 dental colleges, 2 nursing colleges, and one private hospital in India.

Results:
MBBS students showed the highest knowledge levels, while hospital staff had moderate awareness. Significant gaps were observed in understanding ICP management, ventilation targets, and protocol-based emergency care.

Conclusion:
Although basic knowledge exists, there is a need for structured training programs to improve adherence to TBI protocols among healthcare trainees and staff.