Development of Smart Materials with Tunable Mechanical Properties for Wearable Devices

Abstract

Smart materials that can be tailored help improve wearable devices by making them flexible, more comfortable and able to handle different functions. The main focus of this research is to combine reversible polymer networks with low melting alloys and examine the resulting properties for dynamic adjustment of the stiffness. Based on testing, it was found that the materials could be made flexible from 1.2 MPa in the soft state to 350 MPa in the rigid state, with a stiffness change of about 290 times driven by heat. The shape memory feature of the polymer allowed one to cycle the parts while still being able to nearly totally recover the original shape. Laser-assisted techniques made it possible to craft more precise patterns, helping flexible electronics be integrated well while keeping their strength. Fatigue testing proved that the materials could still work effectively as shown by more than 85% of their initial stiffness after a total of 1000 loading cycles. Using biological ideas, the device got better at conforming to the body, making wearing easier for users. According to these results, the developed smart materials have the capability to be used in future wearable devices that require quick and reversible shape canges. Sustainability is one focus of the research with a look at recyclable materials and circular design ideas. All in all, this work gives a basis for designing wearable devices that are flexible, strong and eco-friendly, while still offering control over mechanical features.