Investigation of Some Chemical Compounds in Salix Acmophylla and Evaluate their Activity against Bacterial Biofilms

Abstract

A major problem for the community is the increase in resistant illnesses, which are mostly caused by the negligent use of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties for ethanolic extract of Salix acmophylla against isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By Using a Soxhlet device, leaves of S. acmophylla were extracted. Certain reagents were used to identify the active chemical compounds, which were then screened using gas chromatographic–mass spectral (GC-Mass) analysis. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed to examine the sensitivity pattern of 15 clinical Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates that were found to form biofilms from a variety of clinical samples. S. acmophylla extract and sensitive antibiotics were studied for their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC and Sub MIC). The findings demonstrated that, in comparison to other components, this plant contains a higher number of glycosides and polyphenolic compounds. 45 chemicals were detected by GC/MS analysis. Eicosane and its isomers made up (21.27%) of the total contents, with 2-Cyclohexen-1-one coming in second with(11.04%) percent. However, in a concentration-dependent way, the ethanolic extract of S. acmophylla has a strong antibacterial action against MRSA isolates. The study also showed that, when compared to the most sensitive antibiotic (ciprofloxacin), S. acmophylla was quite effective against biofilms. In conclusion, the plant under study can be utilized as a natural and alternative defense against bacterial biofilm-induced chronic illnesses.